In material mechanics performance testing, the accuracy of the tensile testing machine directly affects product quality evaluation and research and development efficiency. The dual column computerized tensile testing machine controls the testing error within two core methods: mechanical structure optimization and sensor calibration±0.5%Become a benchmark for high-precision testing in industries such as rubber, plastic, and metal. This article analyzes how to build a stable and reliable testing foundation from two dimensions: mechanical design and signal processing.

1、 Mechanical Structure: Rigid Framework and Precision Transmission Build Stable Foundation

1. Double column high rigidity design

The host adopts a double column frame structure, and the columns and beams are connected by high-precision linear guide rails. The materials used are selected45#Steel quenching and tempering treatment, surface hardness reachesHRC28-32This design achieves the rigidity and strength of the rack1:2000(i.e. apply)2000NDeformation under force≤1mm）Effectively suppress force fluctuations caused by rack deformation during the testing process. For example, when testing high-strength steel strips, traditional single column testing machines may experience bending of the frame5%The double column structure can reduce the error to0.3%following.

2. Precision ball screw transmission

The power transmission system adoptsC5Grade ball screw (lead error)≤0.01mm/300mm）， 配合日本NSKBearings enable seamless transmission of crossbeam movement. The servo motor drives the screw to rotate through a synchronous belt, converting the rotational motion into linear motion with a speed resolution of0.001mm/minThis design avoids backlash errors in gear transmission and ensures a constant loading rate, especially during low-speed testing (such as...)0.5mm/min）It can still maintain speed stability.

2、 Sensors and Signal Processing: Small Signal Capture and Noise Suppression

1. High precision force sensor

Equipment standard configurationSType force sensor, range coverage100N-10kNUsing strain gauges to detect changes in resistance and tension. Sensors pass through24bitADCThe converter converts analog signals into digital quantities with a resolution of1/100000, can capture0.1NThe force value changes. Before leaving the factory, sensors need to undergo three-point calibration (zero point, medium range, full range) to ensure linearity error≤±0.1%FSEnsure consistent accuracy across the entire range.

2. Anti interference signal processing

In response to electromagnetic interference (such as current spikes during motor start-up), the equipment adopts a triple technology of hardware filtering, software filtering, and isolation design:

Hardware filtering: parallel connection at the sensor signal output end0.1μFCapacitor, suppresses high-frequency noise;

Software filtering: Smooth the sampled data using the moving average algorithm to eliminate random fluctuations;

Isolation design: The sensor and the main control board are isolated by optocouplers to avoid interference from ground loops.
Actual testing shows that380VIn the industrial power grid environment, the fluctuation amplitude of force values can be controlled within±0.2%Within.

Conclusion: The synergistic effect of machinery and sensing

The mechanical structure and sensor technology of the dual column computerized tensile testing machine do not exist in isolation, but together build the first line of defense for high-precision testing by reducing external interference through a rigid frame, ensuring loading stability through precision transmission, capturing small changes with high-precision sensors, and purifying signals through anti-interference design. The next article will further explore how closed-loop control algorithms and environmental compensation techniques can dynamically modify the testing process to achieve force-Accurate synchronization of displacement.