As a core equipment in the field of environmental simulation testing, the walk-in high and low temperature impact testing machine is widely used in aerospace, automotive electronics, new energy batteries and other fields due to its large capacity, rapid temperature change and high-precision control capabilities, providing key support for product reliability verification. This article will systematically analyze its technical principles and practical value from two dimensions: structural design and functional characteristics.

1、 Structural design: dual guarantee of modularity and security

1. Overall framework and insulation system

The testing machine adopts a double-layer steel structure frame, with an outer layer of cold-rolled steel plate treated with rust prevention, and an inner layer filled with high-density polyurethane foam insulation layer, effectively reducing heat conduction loss. The test chamber door is equipped with double-layer high-temperature resistant silicone rubber sealing strips and observation windows (with electric heating and frost prevention function) to ensure high temperature（150℃）Compared to low temperature（-80℃）Sealing in the environment. For example, the walk-in equipment produced by Hubei Gaotian Experimental Equipment Co., Ltd. optimizes the air duct design to achieve temperature uniformity±2℃SatisfyGJB 150.4AStandard.

2. Cooling and Heating Core Module

The refrigeration system adopts a cascade compressor unit (usually two-stage or three-stage compression)R23/R404ARealizing environmentally friendly refrigerants-80℃Ultra low temperature environment. For example, a certain model of equipment is-70℃The cooling rate can reach10℃/minAnd it has an automatic defrosting function to avoid ice accumulation affecting performance. The heating system utilizes a combination of stainless steel electric heating tubes and circulating fans to achieve rapid temperature rise in high-temperature environments (maximum)150℃）The power is configured according to the volume of the test chamber (such as1m³Space needs to be reserved15kWHeating power).

3. Air circulation and sample rack system

Axial flow circulating fan with adjustable wind speed is installed inside the test chamber（0.5-3m/s）Ensure the uniformity of the temperature field. The sample rack is made of stainless steel material and supports multi-layer adjustable design, with a single-layer load-bearing capacity of up to200kgIt can accommodate large battery packs, automotive components, etc. Some models are also equipped with vibration table interfaces that support temperature-Vibration composite test, simulating more rigorous usage scenarios.

2、 Functional features: Integration of efficiency, precision, and intelligence

1. Rapid temperature change and high-precision control

The device supports temperature slope setting (such as5℃/minto30℃/minAdjustable), throughPIDControl Algorithm and Temperature Sensor（PT100）Real time feedback to achieve precise tracking of temperature changes. For example, in the thermal runaway test of lithium batteries, high temperatures can be quickly switched（85℃）Compared to low temperature（-40℃）Environment, verify the structural integrity of the battery pack under extreme temperature changes.

2. Multi scenario testing mode

In addition to conventional high and low temperature impacts, the equipment also supports modes such as constant temperature and humidity, temperature gradient, and cyclic testing. For example, in automotive electronic component testing, it is possible to simulate“-40℃refrigeration→25℃room temperature→85℃high temperature”Three stage impact verificationPCBThe reliability of boards, connectors, etc. under thermal expansion and contraction.

3. Security protection and data recording

The equipment is equipped with multiple safety mechanisms such as over temperature protection, leakage protection, and compressor overload protection, and supports remote monitoring and fault diagnosis. During the experiment, the system automatically records temperature curves, alarm events, and equipment status, generating data that meets the requirementsISO 17025Standard test reports facilitate quality traceability.

3、 Application value: Full cycle support from research and development to mass production

The walk-in high and low temperature impact testing machine, with its large capacity design (capable of testing dozens of samples at a time), significantly improves testing efficiency and reduces unit costs. In the field of new energy vehicles, it can be used to verify the thermal management performance of battery packs and motor controllers; In the aerospace field, it is possible to simulate extreme temperature changes in satellite components during in orbit operation. With the maturity of domestic equipment technology (such as the localization of core components by manufacturers like Hubei Gaotian), its cost-effectiveness advantage is further highlighted, becoming a key equipment for promoting industrial upgrading.

The walk-in high and low temperature impact testing machine has built a full chain reliability testing platform from the laboratory to the production line with modular structure, efficient temperature change capability, and intelligent functions. Its technological evolution not only meets the needs of emerging fields such as third-generation semiconductors and new energy, but also provides solid environmental simulation technology support for China's transformation towards high-end manufacturing.