Prohibition of illegal modification

  Abstract:Accidents of electric vehicle charging causing fires occur from time to time across the country, posing a threat to the safety of people's lives and property. This article introduces a charging platform for electric vehicle charging piles, which uses wireless communication technology, Internet of Things technology, and electrical fire detection and protection technology to monitor the status and charging process of electric vehicle charging piles, timely warn and protect against a series of faults such as overvoltage, undervoltage, no-load, insulation detection faults, leakage, overheating, short circuits, etc., and comply with GB51348-2019《 According to the "Electrical Design Standards for Civil Buildings", current limiting protectors are installed to cut off the circuit within 150 microseconds when a short circuit occurs. There is no dangerous spark generated, which plays a role in short-circuit arc extinguishing, ensuring charging safety and preventing fire accidents, preventing potential fire hazards in electric vehicles, and protecting people's lives and property safety.

  KeywordsElectric scooter charging station; Charging safety; Warning; cloud platform

Project Overview

A military enterprise in Henan Province plans to build a free charging station for electric scooters to benefit its internal employees, while also considering the issue of charging safety. 300 electric scooter charging stations are installed inside and outside the factory area, each equipped with a set of current limiting protectors to promptly eliminate fire hazards and ensure charging safety.

Based on the confidentiality requirements of military enterprises, all equipment adopts the LAN networking method to encrypt the transmitted data. The platform is locally deployed and accessed within the LAN. In addition, the system requirements mainly include:

● Start charging by swiping the card, and reserve WeChat and Alipay charging methods

● Use the existing employee card of the enterprise for charging, and prevent the card from being copied

Real time monitoring of charging station status through the monitoring duty room backend

● Implement three-level protection functions, including short-circuit protection, power protection, and system protection, where system protection refers to not allowing the addition of charging positions when the power threshold is exceeded

2 System Structure

On site, intelligent charging stations and current limiting protectors for electric vehicles are used to collect data from the charging circuit. Communication with wireless communication terminals is achieved through RS485 interfaces to monitor, warn, and protect power parameters. The data is then uploaded to the electric vehicle charging station charging platform built in the data center via Ethernet through the wireless communication terminal.

The platform is designed with a hierarchical distributed structure, and the detailed topology structure is as follows:

The system is divided into four layers: data collection layer, network transmission layer, data center layer, and client layer.

Data collection layer: including intelligent charging stations for electric vehicles and current limiting protectors, with a communication protocol of standard Modbus RTU. The intelligent charging station for electric scooters is used to collect power parameters of the charging circuit, and perform energy metering and protection. The current limiting protector is used to cut off the circuit within 150 microseconds when a short circuit occurs in the line, without generating dangerous sparks, and plays a role in short-circuit arc extinguishing.

Network transport layer: includes wireless communication terminals. The wireless communication terminal actively collects data from the data collection layer and uploads the data to the established database server through Ethernet.

Data center layer: includes application servers and data servers. The application servers deploy data collection services and WEB websites, while the data servers deploy real-time databases, historical databases, and basic databases. The application server and data server are deployed within the local area network and isolated from the external network.

Client layer: The system administrator accesses the electric scooter charging station charging platform through the local area network in the browser. Terminal charging users start charging by swiping their cards.

3 System Functions

3.1 Login

Open the platform link in the browser, enter the account name and permission password, and log in to prevent unauthorized personnel from browsing relevant information. Scan the QR code in the upper left corner to download the operation and maintenance app, which allows for daily operation and maintenance of on-site devices on mobile devices.

3.2 Homepage

Display the geographical location, station information, and charging equipment status of the charging station, including charging in progress, idle, faulty, offline, etc. Collect operational and charging data of charging stations, including charging amount, charging degree, charging frequency, charging duration, and conduct trend analysis and comparison for today, yesterday, and this month.

3.3 Real time monitoring

3.3.1 Charging Station Monitoring

Display the current status and real-time charging data of each charging station and charging station, collect the charging data of the station and each charging station today, and support remote batch distribution of charging unit price, equipment restart, charging/alarm/protection parameters. The remote parameter settings are subject to permission control, and unauthorized users cannot operate them to ensure the normal operation of on-site equipment.

3.3.2 Charging Station Monitoring

Display the status and charging data of each circuit of the charging station, collect today's charging data, order records, and fault information of the charging station, and view details of orders and faults.

3.4 Equipment Monitoring

Display the status of the current limiting protector, including residual current, temperature, and abnormal alarms in the circuit. When a short circuit occurs in the circuit, it automatically cuts off the circuit within 150 microseconds without generating dangerous sparks, and plays a role in short-circuit arc extinguishing.

3.5 Transaction Management

3.5.1 Account Management

Display the account information of all associated charging users, and perform operations such as recharging, refunding, freezing, unfreezing, and canceling.

3.5.2 Charging Record

Display all order data, classify and query orders by charging station, charging station, payment method, transaction status, etc., and stop charging operations for charging stations in progress.

3.5.3 Transaction Flow

Display the transaction flow details of all orders, including prepaid, consumption, refund and other types, WeChat, Alipay, IC card, wallet and other payment methods and transaction amount.

3.5.4 Recharge Record

Display the wallet account recharge record, including WeChat, Alipay, cash and other payment methods, recharge amount, wallet balance, etc., and print the recharge amount collection bill.

3.6 Fault Management

3.6.1 Fault Inquiry

Display the fault information and processing progress of the charging station, including types of faults such as overvoltage, undervoltage, no-load, insulation detection faults, leakage, overheating, short circuit, etc.

3.6.2 Fault distribution

Display the fault information of the charging piles to be distributed, generate a work order after distribution, and have the operation and maintenance personnel go to the site to handle the fault.

3.6.3 Fault Handling

Display the charging station fault information that the current logged in user is waiting to handle. After the operation and maintenance personnel handle the fault, they can perform closed-loop operations in the platform, supporting the upload of attachments such as pictures, documents, videos, etc.

3.7 Statistical Analysis

3.7.1 Operational Trends

You can view the number of charging times, charging duration, and charging amount by day, month, quarter, or year, and display the corresponding curve chart.

3.7.2 Energy consumption analysis

You can view the electricity consumption of charging stations and charging piles during a specified period, display the corresponding energy consumption trend chart, and conduct month on month analysis.

3.7.3 Fault analysis

You can view the number of faults, fault status, fault type, trend analysis, and fault list within the relevant time period.

3.7.4 Financial statements

You can view the financial data of associated sites based on time, including prepaid amount, consumption amount, refund amount, recharge amount, account balance, etc., which can be exported as an Excel spreadsheet.

3.7.5 Revenue Inquiry

You can view the total revenue statistics, revenue change curve chart, payment proportion pie chart, and actual revenue report.

3.7.6 Energy Consumption Report

You can view the electricity consumption of each charging station by day, month, and year, and export it as an Excel spreadsheet.

3.8 Report Analysis

You can view the operational status of the site based on the selected time and site, and display it in the form of a report. It supports exporting as a PDF file and printing.

3.9 IC Card Management

Charging stations can be used for payment and charging by swiping a card, and C/S programs can be used to open, recharge, and refund RF cards.

3.10 Operation and Maintenance APP

For operation and maintenance personnel, it can manage sites and charging stations, handle fault loops, check the usage of data cards, inquire about charging and recharging status, and remotely set parameters.

4 System Application Value

  4.1 societyrevenue

Ø Charging safety

Real time monitoring of the charging process, alerting for input and output overvoltage, undervoltage, insulation detection faults, leakage, overheating, short circuits, and other faults of the charger, and notifying relevant personnel in a timely manner through SMS, APP push, mini program, DingTalk, etc. to avoid overheating, fire, and circuit aging issues, ensuring charging safety. At the same time, it quickly cuts off the circuit during a short circuit, without generating dangerous sparks, playing a role in extinguishing the arc of the short circuit and preventing fire accidents in a timely manner.

Ø Solve the problem of difficult charging

Unified installation of charging equipment, end users only need to park the electric scooter in the charging area and follow the instructions to charge, achieving orderly charging for end users.

Solving difficult management problems

Electric scooters are centrally parked and charged, which is easy to manage and better prevents theft, solving the problem of users pulling and charging without authorization.

Environmentally friendly

By innovating power topology and designing electromagnetic shielding, we aim to reduce electromagnetic radiation and minimize its impact on electrical equipment and human health.

  4.2 economyrevenue

Ø Advertising revenue

Charging stations can advertise commercially to increase additional revenue for businesses. Expected daily revenue per screen for a single advertisement is 1 yuan. The mini program can connect to the WeChat Advertising Alliance, with an average daily revenue of 40 yuan.

Ø Charging price difference income

Usually, charging stations charge based on charging time, with each device charged at 1 yuan for 4 hours. The power of a two wheeled electric vehicle is 200W. If the charging period is calculated at 200W, the energy consumption for 4 hours is 0.88 kWh. If the cost per kilowatt hour is 0.6 yuan, the total consumption for 4 hours is 0.88 * 0.6=0.528 yuan, and the profit for charging one yuan is 1-0.528=0.472 yuan. Each charging station charges 10 times a day, resulting in a daily revenue of 4.72 yuan and a monthly revenue of 141.6 yuan. The annual revenue is 1722.8 yuan.

Charging by power level increases revenue by 30% -60% compared to charging by time. 1st gear: 0-150W, 480 minutes/yuan; 2nd gear: 150-285W, 360 minutes/yuan; 3rd gear: 285-400W, 240 minutes/yuan; 4th gear: 400-600W, 120 minutes/yuan.

Enjoy government subsidies

Local governments attach great importance to the centralized parking and charging of electric scooters, and have repeatedly issued various red headed documents. They attach great importance to the construction of such infrastructure, usually accompanied by subsidies for carport construction. Refer to Zhejiang Province's document for a subsidy of 100 yuan per point.

Quickly withdraw funds

Quickly withdraw funds through membership recharge activities.

5 Product Features

  5.1 Electric scooter intelligent charging station ACX10A-YHW

● Carrying current: 25A

● Output current per channel: 3A

● Standby power: 3W

● Protection level: IP65

Can charge 10 electric scooters simultaneously.

● Large size space, ample internal space, and sufficient electrical safety.

Physical button design, with a realistic touch and long service life.

Display the number of IC card swipes, IC card balance, and voice broadcast of card balance.

Each deduction and charging time can be adjusted, and multiple card swipes and QR codes can be used to automatically accumulate charging time.

Free charging function can be activated according to customer needs.

● You can use WeChat and Alipay to scan the code and charge by swiping the card.

Automatically identify the faulty circuit, accompanied by letter and voice prompts.

● Equipped with power-off memory function, when there is a power outage, the remaining time can continue to be used for charging after an incoming call.

● It has a power-off function, which automatically shuts off the power when the user unplugs the charger.

● It has a fully charged self stop function, which automatically detects the charging status of the electric scooter. If it is fully charged, the power supply will be stopped and the billing time will be reset to zero.

Equipped with overload protection function, it can recognize high-power electrical appliances, automatically suspend power supply, and prevent users from privately connecting power strips to charge multiple electric scooters.

● Equipped with short-circuit protection function, when a short circuit occurs, the fuse will melt to ensure safety.

● Equipped with power grading function, charging is started according to the time set for different power levels based on the detected power.

Over temperature protection function, stops charging when the chassis temperature is detected to be too high

  5. 2 Current limiting protector

The ASCP200-1 electrical fire current limiting protector can overcome the drawbacks of traditional circuit breakers, air switches, and monitoring equipment, such as high short-circuit current, long interruption time of short-circuit current, large arc sparks generated during short-circuit, and short service life. When a short-circuit fault occurs, it can quickly limit the short-circuit current at a microsecond speed to achieve arc extinguishing protection, thereby significantly reducing electrical fire accidents and ensuring the safety of personnel and property in the use area.

Short circuit protection: The protector monitors the current of the power line in real time. When a short circuit fault occurs in the line, it can achieve fast current limiting protection within 150 microseconds and emit sound and light alarm signals;

● Overload protection: When the line current is overloaded and the duration exceeds the action time (3-60 seconds can be set), the protector starts current limiting protection and emits an audible and visual alarm signal;

● In table over temperature protection: When the working temperature of the internal components of the protector is too high, the protector implements over temperature current limiting protection and emits an audible and visual alarm signal;

Network communication: The protector has one RS485 interface, which can send data to the background monitoring system for remote monitoring

  5Wireless communication terminal AWT100

Supports data acquisition using serial MODBUS RTU protocol and communicates with Ankerui servers through Ankerui platform protocol.

● Support data collection for 30 MODBUS RTU devices.

● Support the collection of 5 register address fields for each MODBUS device, with each register address range not exceeding 64

● Support preset alarm addresses and alarm values for each MODBUS address range to trigger alarms. There are currently 5 alarm addresses in each address domain.

● Support server MODBUS or LoRa transparent communication.

● Support fixed IP and dynamic domain name resolution to connect to data centers.

Support transparent transmission protocol, universal mode (active round robin, timed reporting), MQTT protocol, smart power wireless protocol, prepaid wireless protocol, etc., customizable for development.

The AWT100-LW wireless communication terminal can upload data to the server through LoRa communication

6 Conclusion

Government departments at all levels attach great importance to the hazards of fires caused by electric vehicle charging. GB51348-2019 "Electrical Design Standards for Civil Buildings" also stipulates that current limiting electrical fire protection devices should be installed in the end circuits of storage warehouses, electric vehicle charging and other places. The AcrelCloud-9500 electric vehicle charging station charging platform connects the discrete electric vehicle charging stations on site to the platform for centralized management, reducing management difficulty and facilitating user operation and maintenance. At the same time, through the safety monitoring and protection of the charging stations themselves, combined with current limiting protectors, it can timely eliminate fire hazards during the charging process, making charging safe and reassuring, and effectively ensuring the safety of people's lives and property.

References

[1] Q/320281DGB57-2019 "Enterprise Standard for Intelligent Charging Station for Electric Vehicle of Jiangsu Ankerui Electric Appliance Manufacturing Co., Ltd."

[2] GB51348-2019 "Electrical Design Standard for Civil Buildings"

[3] Notice on Standardizing the Parking and Charging of Electric Vehicles and Strengthening Fire Prevention

Certificate Report