Introduction and Development Trend of Intelligent Pressure Calibration Instrument Structure
Intelligent pressure calibrator is a commonly used pressure instrument with certain applications in multiple industries. When using digital pressure instruments, we need to understand their definition and market development, which is very important for us to choose and use digital pressure detection instruments. Today, the editor will introduce the definition and market analysis of intelligent pressure calibrators in detail, hoping to help everyone.
1、 Overview of Intelligent Pressure Calibration Instrument
1. Definition of Intelligent Pressure Calibration Instrument
The intelligent pressure calibrator is an instrument that measures pressure physical signals. Pressure measurement is achieved by converting the physical signals collected by sensors into electrical signals, amplifying and filtering the output signals of pressure sensors through external circuits, sending them to A/D converters, converting them into digital signals, and processing them by microprocessors to achieve pressure measurement functions. There are two main application methods for digital pressure detection instruments, namely direct pressure measurement and comparison and calibration between pressure instruments. Direct pressure measurement mainly refers to on-site pressure measurement of pipelines and pressure vessels; Pressure calibration refers to the evaluation of the indicated values of pressure instruments or measurement systems based on the values reproduced by corresponding pressure standards under specified conditions. It involves assigning values to the characteristics of pressure instruments using a pressure reference standard, and tracing the values of pressure instruments back to the values reproduced by the pressure reference standard.
2. Application of Intelligent Pressure Calibration Instrument
The intelligent pressure calibrator mainly meets two applications: firstly, it is used to measure the pressure of fluids in pressure vessels and pipelines. It is mainly used in industrial production to measure the pressure of various gases and liquid media in pipelines. By measuring and controlling the pressure of various fluids, it achieves control over product, production, and on-site safety; The second is used for the calibration of pressure measuring instruments themselves and the accuracy of detection instruments, which is an important indicator for effectively achieving the above objectives. In digital pressure detection instruments, if the accuracy of high-precision instruments reaches two to four times that of low precision instruments, high-precision instruments can be used to calibrate low precision instruments.
The intelligent pressure calibrator industry is an industry that provides measurement and inspection methods, methods, and control systems for modern society's production, life, and military fields. Digital pressure detection instruments enable scientific measurement in all areas of our production, life, and other fields, and are a necessary means for all economic fields to achieve scientific understanding.
2、 Market Capacity and Trend Analysis of Intelligent Pressure Calibration Instruments
In the past two years, China's digital pressure detection instrument market has maintained a relatively fast growth rate. In 2009, the market capacity of digital pressure detection instruments was 2.201 billion yuan. In 2010, with the rapid growth of GDP, the market capacity of digital pressure detection instruments reached 2.494 billion yuan. In the next few years, although the growth rate of industries such as petroleum, chemical, power, and metallurgy has slowed down, they will still maintain a certain degree of stable growth on the basis of the continuous growth of China's economic aggregate. As a result, the demand for digital pressure detection instruments in the market will continue to grow steadily in the coming years. It is expected that the market capacity of digital pressure detection instruments in China from 2011 to 2015 will be 2.736 billion yuan, 2.997 billion yuan, 3.292 billion yuan, 3.613 billion yuan, and 4.029 billion yuan respectively. The compound growth rate from 2009 to 2015 exceeded 10%. The specific situation by industry is as follows:
1. Metallurgy
steel
At the end of 2010, China's crude steel production reached 627 million tons, a historic high, while the sales profit margin decreased from over 8% at the end of the 15th Five Year Plan period to less than 3%. The record high production and significant decrease in profit margins have forced the steel industry to make major adjustments. The main direction of adjustment is to improve efficiency on the basis of controlling the total amount, and China's steel production will remain stable in the coming years. The relevant policies for the steel industry in 2011 and the 12th Five Year Plan will mainly follow two main lines. One is mergers and acquisitions to increase industry concentration, and it is expected that China will continue to focus on promoting industry integration in the future. The second is energy conservation and emission reduction, achieving sustainable development. It is expected that the approval for new production capacity will become stricter in the future, and the efforts to eliminate outdated production capacity will gradually strengthen, mainly through measures such as differential electricity prices and even power restrictions.
In the above context, the steel industry will not have a high growth rate in the next few years. However, with stable macroeconomic fundamentals, the production and demand of China's steel industry will continue to increase in 2011, but the growth rate will decrease, and the possibility of a sudden change in the production and operation situation of enterprises is also relatively small. Among them, crude steel production will maintain moderate growth, and it is expected that China's crude steel production will reach 660 million to 670 million tons in 2011, with a growth rate lower than that of 2010. Due to the shift in the development of China's steel industry from a "high-speed and extensive" model to a "deceleration and refinement" model, it is estimated that the average annual growth rate during the 12th Five Year Plan period will be about 6%, which is about half of that during the 11th Five Year Plan period.
Pressure gauges are used for pipelines that require pressure control in various production processes of steel enterprises. The pressure instruments used in production sites mainly include two types: transmitters with an accuracy of a few thousandths, and ordinary pressure gauges with accuracies of 1.0% and 1.5%. These two types of gauges require pressure gauges with higher accuracy levels for calibration, with accuracy rates of 0.1% and 0.05% being mostly used for calibration.
A steel plant with a crude steel production capacity of 8-9 million tons is equipped with tens of thousands of pressure monitoring points, and the pressure detection of these points is generally carried out by inspection personnel. Each inspection personnel is usually responsible for the pressure detection of hundreds of monitoring points. Based on the estimation that each inspection personnel has one set of pressure detection instruments, it is conservatively estimated that a steel plant with a crude steel production capacity of 8-9 million tons will require a total of about 500 sets of pressure detection instruments. Based on this, it is estimated that the market capacity of digital pressure detection instruments in China's steel industry in 2010 was approximately 163 million yuan. Due to the macroeconomic regulation of China's steel industry during the 12th Five Year Plan period, the demand for digital pressure detection instruments in China's steel industry will not increase significantly from 2011 to 2015. It is expected that the market capacity of digital pressure detection instruments in China's steel industry will be about 218 million yuan in 2015, with a compound annual growth rate of about 7% from 2009 to 2015.
non-ferrous metals
Affected by the financial crisis in 2008, the value-added of China's non-ferrous metal and other industries was slow. In 2009, with the support of the central government's plans to expand domestic demand and maintain growth, non-ferrous metals achieved significant results in responding to the international financial crisis. In 2009, the total output of ten types of non-ferrous metal products in China was 26.0488 million tons, a year-on-year increase of 3.99%; In 2010, driven by the demand for fixed assets investment, the growth rate of non-ferrous metal output exceeded 20%; The overall production of non-ferrous metals in the first few months of 2011 has significantly declined compared to the same period last year. From January to March 2011, the production of ten types of non-ferrous metals in China was 8.0948 million tons, a year-on-year increase of 9.28%. Although the growth rate has declined, the non-ferrous metal industry has maintained stable development due to demand.
For a long time, the development of China's non-ferrous metal industry has been an extensive expansion at the cost of resource consumption. With the rising cost of resources and the sudden increase in environmental pressure, the existing development model of the non-ferrous metal industry is no longer sufficient to support the sustainable development of the industry. In order to effectively enhance the market competitiveness of the non-ferrous metal industry, strict control of industry growth rate can not only slow down overcapacity, but also reserve time to digest existing overcapacity and outdated capacity. Nonferrous metals will enter a period of controlled growth. The upcoming 12th Five Year Plan for the non-ferrous metal industry will control the production of ten major metals within an annual growth rate of 8%. Based on this growth rate, it is expected that China's metal production will be around 43.16 million tons in 2015.
Based on the production of non-ferrous metals in China, it is roughly estimated that the market capacity of digital pressure detection instruments and meters in China's non-ferrous metal industry was about 28 million yuan in 2010, and increased to 43 million yuan by 2015.
2. Oil and gas
refinery
The Chinese refining industry has now entered a new era of historical development from large to strong. In the future, China's oil refining industry will strive to transform its development mode by adjusting its structure, rational layout, optimizing resource and market allocation, promoting technological innovation, advancing the integration of refining and chemical industries, and building bases. While continuing to increase its scale and strength, it will continue to enhance its profitability and international competitiveness, maintain the stable and rapid development of the industry, and truly achieve the transformation from a major oil refining country to a strong oil refining country. The steady growth of refining capacity and the further development of diversified domestic competition pattern are major development trends in the refining industry.
In 2010, China will launch new refineries such as Qinzhou Refinery in Guangxi and Huajin Refinery in Shenyang, while some refineries will complete renovation and expansion, adding 30.5 million tons/year of refining capacity. The National Energy Administration Work Conference has made plans for China's oil and gas development in the next three years, continuing to expand the scale of refining and increase the construction of oil and gas production bases, in order to achieve diversified access to oil and gas resources and scale up oil and gas production capacity. In the next three years, China will start construction of large-scale oil refining projects in Sichuan, Guangzhou, Quanzhou, Shanghai, etc., accelerate the construction of refinery renovation and expansion projects in Zhenhai, Maoming, etc., and actively promote large-scale joint venture oil refining projects in Venezuela, Qatar, Russia, etc. At the same time, we will continue to stabilize the production of old oil fields in the eastern regions such as Songliao and Bohai Bay Basin, accelerate the construction of oil and gas areas in the western regions such as Tarim and Junggar, and increase offshore oil and gas production. It is expected that by 2011, China will add 40.1 million tons of refining capacity, and the annual growth rate of China's refining capacity will be 6% to 7% in the next five years.
A refinery with a capacity of 5 million tons requires approximately 2000 pressure transmitters to be installed; About 3000 precision pressure gauges with an accuracy of 0.1% or above, with a unit price of approximately 1000-2000 yuan per piece; A regular pressure gauge costs about 7000 yuan; In addition, about 540 pressure gauges are required, with a unit price of approximately 20000 yuan per piece. It can be estimated that the market capacity of digital pressure detection instruments for a 5 million ton refinery is approximately 15.3 million yuan.
oil field
In 2009, although the import volume of crude oil had exceeded its own production, the production of oil fields in China still steadily increased. Below are the top oil fields in terms of production ranking and their production status for that year.
15.1 billion cubic meters, with a basic proven natural gas reserve of 570 billion cubic meters.
The oil and gas equivalent of Bohai Oilfield exceeds 20 million tons, and the crude oil production is nearly 1 million barrels.
Yanchang Petroleum Group produced 11.21 million tons of crude oil and added 80 million tons of proven petroleum geological reserves in accordance with the development model of "equal emphasis on oil and gas, simultaneous development of oil and chemical industries, and comprehensive development of oil, gas, coal, and salt".
Xinjiang Oilfield has completed crude oil production of 10.89 million tons and commodity volume of 10.7 million tons, natural gas production of 3.6 billion cubic meters and commodity volume of 1.79 billion cubic meters.
The Liaohe Oilfield produces a total of 10.186 million tons of crude oil, 810 million cubic meters of natural gas, and 10.82 million tons of oil and gas equivalent.
Tahe Oilfield has completed an investment of 9.8 billion yuan, producing 6.6 million tons of oil and 1.345 billion cubic meters of natural gas.
Jilin Oilfield produces 6.05 million tons of crude oil and 7.01 million tons of oil and gas equivalent.
The Tarim Oilfield has achieved the production of 5.54 million tons of crude oil and 18.091 billion cubic meters of natural gas, with an equivalent oil and gas production of 20.65 million tons, continuing to maintain above 20 million tons.
In addition, China also has a number of oil fields with considerable production, such as Jianghan Oilfield, Zhongyuan Oilfield, Yumen Oilfield, etc. Although some of their oil fields are experiencing a decline in production, there are also some oil fields with newly discovered reserves that have not yet been exploited.
Each oil field has a large number of pressure measurement points, and there is a corresponding high demand for pressure calibration. Each oil field will be equipped with varying numbers of pressure gauges according to specific circumstances, with an average of 2 pressure gauges per measuring point. Each oil extraction operation area is equipped with a pressure calibration team.
Natural gas transportation
There is a great demand for digital pressure testing instruments and meters in the construction of oil and gas fields. The Tarim Shanghai Yangtze River Delta gas transmission project involves the construction of high-pressure and high-yield well facilities for natural gas, natural gas gathering and boosting stations, natural gas dehydration and dehydrogenation stations, as well as wastewater treatment stations containing alcohols, salts, and oil. Supporting facilities such as power supply, water supply, and roads will also be built. The total investment for the oil and gas field with an annual production capacity of 12 billion cubic meters and 900000 tons of condensate oil is about 20 billion yuan, and process detection and control instruments and equipment account for about 12% of the investment, with a potential demand of 2.4 billion yuan.
The demand for digital pressure detection instruments in natural gas transmission pipelines. The qualified gas from the natural gas processing plant is collected at the first station of the Lunnan oil and gas field through a 1118mm diameter pipeline with a transmission pressure of 8.4MPa, passing through 9 provinces, municipalities, and autonomous regions, and finally arriving in Shanghai. Long distance pipelines need to cross various complex areas such as mountains, canyons, rivers, swamps, and saline alkali land. The monitoring, control, and collection of pressure, temperature, flow rate, and natural gas density during the transportation process require a large number of instruments and meters. The fixed assets investment in the construction of natural gas transmission pipeline is 38.4 billion yuan, and the investment in process detection and control instruments accounts for about 5% -7% of the investment, with a market demand of about 2 billion yuan.
The demand for digital pressure detection instruments and meters in downstream market supporting facilities. The related construction of market pipeline network and industrial utilization for downstream market development is about 60 billion to 80 billion yuan. Downstream market development should be carried out synchronously with the West East Gas Pipeline main project. The investment in process detection and control instruments accounts for about 7% to 10% of the total investment, and there may be a market opportunity of 4.2 billion yuan.
Overall, there is a huge demand for digital pressure detection instruments and meters in the West East Gas Pipeline Project. The total investment in process detection and control instruments in the three fields mentioned above is about 8.9 billion yuan. Calculated based on the proportion of digital pressure detection instruments accounting for about 5% of the entire process detection and control instrument equipment, the total investment in digital pressure detection instruments in the first phase of the project is about 445 million yuan. Based on an annual replacement rate of 10% in the industry, the demand for digital pressure detection instruments in the first phase of the project is about 45 million yuan per year.
In summary, the demand for digital pressure detection instruments in natural gas transportation is very considerable. The market capacity of digital pressure detection instruments was 212 million yuan in 2011 and reached 523 million yuan by 2015.
chemical industry
At present, China has established a complete chemical industry system, which includes basic chemical industry and plastic, synthetic fiber, rubber, pharmaceutical, dye industry, etc. Its internal classification is quite complex, mainly dividing the chemical industry sector into two categories: inorganic chemistry and organic chemistry industry. The former mainly includes acids, bases, salts, silicon hydrochloric acid, rare elements, electrochemical industry, etc; The latter mainly includes industries such as synthetic fibers, plastics, synthetic rubber, fertilizers, pharmaceuticals, etc.
The chemical industry in our country was formed in the early 19th century and developed rapidly as an industrial sector. The chemical industry is a knowledge and capital intensive industry. With the development of science and technology, it has gradually evolved from producing only a few inorganic products such as soda ash and sulfuric acid, as well as organic products mainly extracted from plants to make dyes, into a multi industry and multi variety production department, with a large number of comprehensive resource utilization and large-scale chemical enterprises emerging.
Below we will briefly analyze the use of pressure detection instruments in the two main industries in the chemical industry, the ethylene industry and the fertilizer industry.
Fertilizer industry
The "Twelfth Five Year Plan" for the fertilizer industry released by the China Petroleum and Chemical Industry Federation in 2011 stated that controlling the total production of fertilizers would be the top priority. At the same time, it is proposed to promote technological progress in the industry, increase efforts in corporate mergers and acquisitions, extend the industry chain, and lay out upstream industries to improve the economic benefits of the industry.
Chemical companies usually have a metrology and testing center and several secondary testing centers, each equipped with one set of pressure gauges, responsible for verifying the pressure gauges on site. The replacement cycle may vary from five to eight years depending on the specific situation.
The pressure gauges used on site in chemical enterprises mainly include ordinary industrial gauges and precision pressure gauges. Ordinary industrial gauges are mainly used for measuring fluid pressure in pipelines, while precision pressure gauges are used for pressure monitoring with precision requirements, with a replacement cycle of three to five years.
The ethylene and fertilizer industries are the two sectors with a large usage of digital pressure detection instruments in the chemical industry. The market capacity of digital pressure detection instruments in these two sectors was about 265 million yuan in 2010. Due to the national total control of the fertilizer industry, the demand for digital pressure detection instruments in China's chemical industry will mainly be reflected in the replacement of existing instruments in the next few years. It is expected that the market capacity of digital pressure detection instruments in China's chemical industry will be about 272 million yuan in 2011 and about 294 million yuan in 2015, maintaining a slight growth rate with a compound growth rate of about 2.1%.
Power generation and supply
After the separation of power generation and supply enterprises, the country established two large power grid companies, namely State Grid Corporation of China and China Southern Power Grid Corporation. The power grid company has established power supply companies in various provinces, cities, and counties in China, as well as power science research institutes and multiple power construction companies in each province. All thermal power installations are constructed by power construction companies, and currently Chinese power construction companies have undertaken a large number of engineering projects abroad. In 2010, the main business income of State Grid Corporation of China was 1542.7 billion yuan, the company sold 2689.1 billion kilowatt hours of electricity, and the total assets were 2119.2 billion yuan.
According to the configuration standards of pressure testing instruments in the thermal laboratory of power plants, a rough estimate of the scale of digital pressure testing instruments required for power generation was made, and the demand of power supply system enterprises was estimated. The market capacity of digital pressure testing instruments for power generation and power supply system enterprises was 233 million yuan in 2011, slightly decreased in 2012, and maintained steady growth in subsequent years, reaching 349 million yuan in 2015. The market capacity of digital pressure detection instruments in China's power industry reached 448 million yuan in 2015, maintaining steady growth.