In the lightning protection system of the power system, the lightning arrester, as a key equipment, plays an important role in discharging lightning overvoltage and limiting the insulation withstand voltage of the equipment. However, the traditional regular inspection mode is difficult to capture real-time signs of equipment degradation, and the application of lightning arrester online monitoring system can effectively capture this sign. This article is based onJC-OM200Taking the online monitoring device of lightning arrester as an example, this article systematically explains its functional characteristics and system composition.

1、 Core monitoring function system

1. Multi dimensional electrical parameter monitoring

The system achieves full current through high-precision zero magnetic flux sensors（10μA to 650mAMeasurement range), resistive current（≤10μASynchronous acquisition with minimum detection limit, achieving accuracy of±1%FS. AdoptingFFTAccurate separation of capacitance using phase analysis method/Resistive current component, where the proportion of resistive current can change in advance3-6Monthly warning valve plate aging. In the actual measurement of high humidity environment along the coast, the system successfully captured a certain500kVThe resistive current of lightning arrester is from35μAIncrease to82μAThe process of deterioration.

2. Panoramic Record of Lightning Strike Events

Equipped with a dedicated surge current sensor that can record the peak value of lightning strikes（200kARange and waveform（8/20μsStandard waveform and energy parameters. In the application of a substation in the Guangdong Hong Kong Macao Greater Bay Area, the system accurately recorded2024Equipment damage during the typhoon season17The secondary lightning strike incident provides data support for lightning protection renovation.

3. Environmental adaptability monitoring

Integrated high-precision temperature and humidity sensor (resolution)0.1℃/1%RH）Real time monitoring of surface temperature and environmental temperature and humidity of lightning arresters. Through temperature gradient analysis（ΔT＞15℃Triggering an alarm, successfully alerting someone220kVInternal condensation fault caused by sealing failure of line lightning arrester.

2、 Intelligent system architecture

1. Front end perception layer

Adopting a three-layer distributed sensor layout:

Current sensor: through type zero magnetic flux sensorCTAbility to resist DC bias>500mA

Voltage sensor: capacitive voltage dividerPTPhase error<0.1°

Environmental sensors:IP68Protection level,-40℃~+85℃scope of work

2. Data collection layer

On site collection unit support16Channel synchronous sampling (sampling rate)100kS/s）Built in digital filtering algorithm can suppress100dBElectromagnetic interference. In the actual measurement of the ultra-high voltage direct current converter station, the system±800kVMaintaining data efficiency in a strong electric field environment99.7%.

3. Communication Transport Layer

Provide dual-mode communication solution:

Wired mode:RS485/CANBus, transmission distance1.2km

Wireless mode:LoRaSpread spectrum technology, transmission distance in open environments3km
In a substation application on the Qinghai Tibet Plateau, wireless modules are used through-40℃Low temperature testing to achieve reliable data transmission.

4. Intelligent analysis layer

The backend software has three major analysis modules:

Real time diagnosis: Comparison of resistive current baseline values (threshold)150%Trigger warning)

Trend prediction: AdoptingLSTMNeural network model achieves high accuracy in fault prediction92%

Report generation: Automatically generate reports that meet the requirementsDL/T 596-2021Standard testing report

3、 Typical application scenarios

In a certain ultra-high voltage direct current project in East China, the system achieves88Cluster monitoring of lightning arresters by constructing equipment health index（HDI）Increase the annual fault detection rate3.2Doubling, reducing the cost of preventive maintenance45%The data shows that after adopting online monitoring, the sudden failure rate of lightning arresters has increased0.8%/Annual decrease0.15%/Year.

The system is implemented through'perception-transmission-analyze-decision'The closed-loop architecture transforms the status assessment of lightning arresters from offline sampling to online continuous monitoring, providing strong technical support for the operation and maintenance of power grid equipment. with5G+With the integrated application of edge computing technology, the future system will achieve nanosecond lightning current waveform capture and microsecond fault location, and promote the evolution of lightning protection system to the intelligent direction.