Vibration aging machineMetal components undergo processes such as welding, casting, forging, and mechanical processing,It will generate residual stress inside,This greatly affects the dimensional stability, stiffness, strength, and mechanical processing performance of the components.“time limit”It is a method to reduce residual stress and stabilize the dimensional accuracy of components. The common methods currently used to eliminate residual stress include thermal aging, natural aging, and vibration aging. Thermal aging has drawbacks such as high energy consumption, high cost, decreased mechanical properties of materials, and large workpieces; Long natural aging time,inefficient,Only able to relieve stress2 %～10 %Waiting for weaknesses. In many countries60Starting from the era, research has been conducted on using vibration aging to eliminate residual stresses in metal workpieces. With the deepening of research, vibration aging technology has emerged and continuously improved. Vibration aging process, also known as vibration aging technology in foreign countries“VSR”The method is a new technology that uses the principle of resonance to reduce and homogenize residual stresses inside metal structures, and obtain stable structural dimensional accuracy. Its characteristics can replace traditional thermal aging and natural aging processes. The specific features are as follows:
① Less investment. Compared with thermal aging, it does not require a large aging furnace, which can save space and expensive equipment investment. In modern industry, if thermal aging is used to relieve stress in large castings and welded parts, a large aging furnace needs to be built. This not only results in high cost and low utilization rate, but also makes it difficult to uniformly relieve stress in the furnace. The use of vibration aging can avoid these problems. Therefore, vibration aging is widely used for bridge vessels ranging from several meters to tens of meters in length, large welded parts of chemical equipment, and ultra heavy castings weighing several tons to tens of tons.
② Short production cycle. Natural aging requires several months of storage, while thermal aging also takes several tens of hours to complete. Vibration aging generally only requires a few tens of minutes of vibration to complete, and vibration aging is not limited by the site, which can reduce the back and forth transportation of workpieces before and after aging. For example, placing vibration equipment on a mechanical processing production line not only makes the production schedule more compact but also eliminates the stress generated during the processing. ③ Easy to use. Vibration equipment has a small volume and light weight, making it easy to carry. Due to the fact that vibration treatment is not limited by the site and the vibration device can be carried to the site, this process is simpler to use and has stronger adaptability compared to thermal aging.
④ Save energy and reduce costs. Performing aging treatment at the resonance frequency of the workpiece consumes minimal energy, and practical experience has shown that power consumption is low1.2～3.3kWThe mechanical exciter can vibrate300tThe energy consumption of the following workpieces is roughly calculated as thermal aging only3%～5%The cost is only for thermal efficiency1%～3%.
⑤ Relieve stress effect. Heat aging eliminates stress to achieve25%-90%. Vibration aging eliminates stress to achieve25%-85%Vibration aging does not change the hardness of the material and the comparison of aging effects.
other Vibration aging operation is simple and easy to achieve mechanization and automation; It can avoid defects such as warping deformation, oxidation, decarburization, and hardness reduction of metal parts during thermal aging process; This is currently the most effective method for secondary time efficiency; It is also a green technology that is pollution-free during the time efficient process.