As the core equipment for laboratory biosafety protection, the material safety cabinet is mainly used to prevent operators, experimental environments, and experimental samples from being contaminated by pathogenic microorganisms and harmful biological aerosols. Its application areas cover multiple key fields such as medical and health, life science research, biomedicine, agricultural food, inspection and quarantine. The specific scenarios are as follows:

1. Medical and health field

This is the most core application area of biosafety cabinets, covering hospitals, disease control centers, blood centers and other institutions at all levels:

Clinical test: The laboratory department deals with patients' blood, body fluid, sputum, cerebrospinal fluid and other samples, and carries out bacterial culture, virus detection (such as hepatitis B, hepatitis C, and neoguan virus), mycoplasma/chlamydia separation and other operations to prevent cross contamination of samples and infection of operators.

Prevention and treatment of infectious diseases: infectious disease hospitals or departments deal with highly pathogenic pathogenic microorganisms (such as Mycobacterium tuberculosis, pestis bacillus) and unknown pathogen samples in public health emergencies.

Blood products and cell therapy: platelet preparation in blood centers, pre-treatment of umbilical cord blood storage, CAR-T cell culture and stem cell transplantation related operations in hospital cell therapy departments, ensuring a sterile environment for cell samples.

Pathology department: Processing tissue samples containing pathogenic microorganisms in tissue section staining and immunohistochemical experiments.

2. Field of life science research

Biological laboratories in universities and research institutes are important application scenarios for biosafety cabinets, involving various high-risk experiments:

Microbiological research: isolation, cultivation, identification of bacteria, fungi, and viruses, as well as research on drug-resistant strains.

Molecular Biology and Genetic Engineering: Recombinant DNA manipulation, gene editing (CRISPR-Cas9), plasmid construction, packaging of viral vectors (such as lentiviruses and adenoviruses) to prevent the leakage of recombinant microorganisms.

Cell biology research: cell line culture, cell fusion, monoclonal antibody preparation, maintaining a sterile cell culture environment to avoid sample contamination.

Animal experiments: Handling the tissues and body fluids of infectious experimental animals, or performing embryo manipulation to prevent exposure to pathogenic microorganisms of animal origin.

3. The production and research and development processes of biopharmaceutical enterprises and vaccine research and development institutions in the biopharmaceutical industry cannot be separated from biosafety cabinets:

Vaccine research and production: cultivation, inactivation, antigen preparation of strains of new Guan vaccines, influenza vaccines, HPV vaccines, etc., to ensure the biological safety of the production process.

Antibody drugs and biologics: development and pilot production of monoclonal antibodies, recombinant proteins, cytokines, and other drugs to maintain a sterile operating environment.

Gene therapy and cell therapy products: preparation of CAR-T cells, stem cell therapy and other products to prevent external contamination and operator exposure to harmful cells.

Drug safety evaluation: Toxicological experiments and microbial limit testing of drugs to ensure accurate experimental results.

4. Agriculture and food industry

Mainly used for agricultural research and food microbiological testing, ensuring product safety and personnel health:

Agricultural research: isolation and identification of plant pathogens (such as rice blast fungus and wheat rust fungus), development of genetically modified crops, and microbiological research on livestock and poultry diseases (such as African swine fever and avian influenza).

Food testing: Food companies and third-party testing institutions detect pathogenic bacteria (such as Salmonella, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus) in food, conduct microbial limit testing and sterility testing.

Animal husbandry and animal medicine research and development: strain cultivation in animal medicine research and development, sample processing in animal disease diagnosis.

5. Entry Exit Inspection and Quarantine Field

Customs and inspection and quarantine agencies use biosafety cabinets to handle potential harmful organisms in imported and exported goods:

Animal and plant quarantine: detecting harmful pathogens (such as pine wilt and citrus huanglongbing) in imported and exported animals, plants, seeds, and seedlings.

Food and cosmetics inspection: Conduct microbiological safety testing on imported and exported food and cosmetics to prevent the introduction of pathogenic bacteria from overseas.

Border health and quarantine: screening for infectious diseases on blood and saliva samples of inbound personnel, and processing samples from epidemic areas.

6. Environmental monitoring and other fields

Environmental monitoring: detecting pathogenic microorganisms (such as Vibrio cholerae and Legionella) in water, soil, and air, and preventing the spread of harmful microorganisms when handling environmental samples.

Forensic identification: The forensic laboratory processes biological samples containing pathogenic microorganisms (such as blood and tissue) to ensure the safety of operators.

Note: The application scenarios of biosafety cabinets at different levels (Level I, Level II A1/A2/B1/B2, Level III) are different:

Level II biosafety cabinet is currently a widely used type, suitable for most laboratory scenarios;

Level III biosafety cabinets are mainly used for handling highly pathogenic microorganisms (such as Ebola virus) and need to be used in conjunction with positive pressure protective clothing.