09,22,2026 16 views
Import, import, only import!10Years ago, China's machinery manufacturing industry suffered greatly from the dependence on imported large castings and forgings: foreign companies took the opportunity to raise prices, causing prices to rise again and again, and delivery times to be delayed again and again……
Nowadays, this passive situation of being controlled by others as a whole has been basically reversed. Recent Key Projects of the National Science and Technology Support Program“Key technologies and equipment development for the manufacturing of large castings and forgings”Through acceptance, this marks the initial strategic technological breakthrough and industrial breakthrough of China's large-scale casting and forging industry.
10Annual continuous support, cumulative investment in scientific research funds exceeding10With billions of yuan, after ten years of hard work and continuous support from multiple technological plans, China has systematically overcome a batch of key technologies in the manufacturing of large castings and forgings urgently needed in fields such as nuclear power, hydropower, thermal power, and marine diesel engines, forming a series of major products and breaking foreign monopolies. More and more large castings and forgings in our country have been stamped with“Made in China”!
Neck pain: Even if you buy drawings, you can't make them
With the rapid development of energy and power equipment, the demand for large castings and forgings in China's economy is becoming increasingly urgent. However, compared with developed countries, there is a significant gap in the variety, quality level, technological level, and manufacturing equipment of large castings and forgings in China. Many products cannot be produced and are subject to others.
For example, large marine crankshafts are the core components of marine diesel engines and have long relied on imports.“Ship and other machinery, machinery and other axles”Becoming one of the bottlenecks restricting the rapid development of China's shipbuilding industry. For example, the key large castings and forgings required for nuclear power equipment in China, especially1000MWThe castings and forgings of nuclear power equipment have never been produced and rely entirely on imports;300MWLarge castings and forgings required for thermal power units50%The above relies on imports,600MWLarge castings and forgings required for the above mentioned fire power unit90%Dependence on imports.
Industry insiders say that China's machinery manufacturing industry is suffering from large castings and forgings“Import dependency syndrome”Relying on imports has resulted in the development of the entire industry being constrained by others: on the one hand, foreign suppliers have pricing power and import prices remain high;On the other hand, the progress of major construction projects in China is constrained by the delivery time of large castings and forgings from foreign countries.
“Even if our country buys some equipment design drawings and knows the size and composition through the introduction of technology, we still cannot manufacture them, and the core key manufacturing technology cannot be bought.”Li Dongru, Deputy Secretary General of the China Machinery Industry Federation and Director of the Science and Technology Work Department, told Science and Technology Daily reporters.
The urgent needs of national economic construction and major projects are in great contradiction with the low manufacturing capacity of our country. Industry experts have repeatedly called for joint research and targeted localization of special materials and castings and forgings. from“fifteen”At the beginning, the Ministry of Science and Technology relied on advanced manufacturing in the field of advanced manufacturing863Plan, research and development plan, support plan, make a series of deployments for the research and development of domestically produced large castings and forgings, organize national advantageous forces to carry out technical research and development of key technologies and equipment for the manufacturing of large castings and forgings.
Comprehensive breakthrough in production technology of large castings and forgings
Around the key technologies for the development and production of typical large castings and forgings, the science and technology department organizes domestic advantageous units to explore and tackle them in a planned and step-by-step manner from three levels: technological breakthroughs, product formation, and industrial breakthroughs. After close proximity10Annual accumulation and breakthroughs, to“the 11th Five-Year”In the middle and later stages, China made comprehensive breakthroughs in the production technology of large castings and forgings. A number of representative key technologies for large castings and forgings were overcome and products were formed, which were directly applied to large-scale engineering construction in China
——Developed ultra large castings and forgings for large advanced pressurized water reactor nuclear power plantsAP1000RPVThe key large-scale casting and forging manufacturing technology has enabled China to reach an advanced level in nuclear power forging manufacturing technology, with some forging product indicators exceeding those of foreign countries. This breakthrough marks the introduction, digestion, and absorption of third-generation nuclear power in ChinaAP1000On the basis of technology, independently design and manufactureCAP1400Provided technical reserves.
——Developed and manufactured key castings for the Three Gorges large-scale hydropower units, with product quality reaching or exceeding the level of similar foreign products. China National Heavy Machinery Group Corporation and * Second Heavy Machinery Group Corporation each have annual production capacity5Above the set70The ability to produce large key castings and forgings for hydropower units with a capacity of 10000 kilowatts or more has basically established the world's largest hydropower casting and forging manufacturing base.
