Garbage disposal equipment

Using a rolling block pressing equipment to compress materials with a moisture content of 25% into medium density formed fuel rods with a diameter of 30mm, improving the bulk density and energy density of loose household waste materials, and enhancing thermal efficiency.

The sludge with a moisture content of about 96% is pressurized and transported through pipelines after being treated with chemicals → plate and frame filter press (reducing the sludge moisture content to about 70%) → pipeline pressurized transportation → pressure forming machine → vacuum dryer (reducing the sludge moisture content to 25-30%) → drying of sludge particles (detecting the calorific value of various components) → closed transportation system → sludge mesophilic pyrolysis unit → cracking gas, domestic hot water, biological acid, and ash residue.

After being purified by the purification system, a portion of the cracked gas is used as a heat source for sludge drying through a gas burner, while another portion can be used as fuel for boiler systems or gas generators. Domestic hot water can be used for the daily lives of surrounding residents, and bio acids can be developed for useful component extraction to generate economic benefits. The ash residue is subjected to different treatments after component detection, and the ash residue that does not contain heavy metals or other pollutants can be used to make building materials such as road tiles.

Traditional household waste pyrolysis

Traditional household waste pyrolysis is high-temperature pyrolysis, which produces combustible gases and ash from waste under thermal conditions of partial carbon combustion and partial carbon reduction.

The traditional pyrolysis of household waste produces combustible gases mainly through the oxidation-reduction and cracking reactions of the waste raw materials. Oxidation reaction: It is a combustion reaction between a portion of carbon in garbage and air, generating a large amount of carbon dioxide and releasing heat at a temperature of up to 1000-1300 ℃. This heat provides a heat source for reduction and cracking reactions.

Reduction reaction: Carbon dioxide and residual carbon generated in the oxide layer undergo a reduction reaction with water vapor, producing carbon monoxide and hydrogen gas.

Cracking reaction: At a temperature of 225-500 ℃, combustible gases, carbon, tar, and water vapor are released.

The combustible gases produced by traditional household waste pyrolysis are carbon monoxide (15-20%), nitrogen (about 50%), and volatile gases (only 30-35%), so their calorific value is relatively low. The calorific value of combustible gas per cubic meter of waste is about 1000 kcal, and about 3 cubic meters of gas can be generated per kilogram of waste; Due to the complete consumption of charcoal, only residual ash remains (some municipal solid waste pyrolysis furnaces advertise that they also produce charcoal, but this is also because the slag discharge is too fast, and the charcoal is not completely burned out. If there is charcoal, it is not good charcoal). At present, the thermal decomposition performance of small traditional household waste in China is extremely unstable and cannot be widely applied, while the thermal decomposition of large traditional household waste has extremely unsafe factors and is trapped by ash, floating ash, and tar.

Principle of Thermal Cracking of Low Temperature and Oxygen in Household Waste

Thermal cracking of household waste with low or no oxygen content is the process of producing combustible gases, charcoal, wood vinegar, and tar from the waste under thermal conditions that isolate oxygen.

The process of producing combustible gases during the thermal cracking of municipal solid waste is only a part of the cracking reaction in the thermal cracking furnace. The carbon in the waste does not participate in the reaction, as long as it can provide a cracking reaction temperature of 225-600 ℃. The reaction mechanism is as follows: hemicellulose mainly precipitates volatile components at 225-350 ℃; Cellulose mainly releases volatile components at 325-375 ℃; Lignin releases volatile components at 250-570 ℃,

The combustible gas produced by the thermal cracking of household waste with low temperature and oxygen content is mainly volatile gas, so its calorific value is relatively high. The calorific value of combustible gas per cubic meter of garbage is about 2000 kcal, and about 1.5 cubic meters of combustible gas can be produced per kilogram of garbage; The ash content of charcoal is very low, and its calorific value is generally around 8000 kcal/kg. It has a wide range of uses and a high price; The quality of wood vinegar and tar is also good. A reasonable garbage pyrolysis furnace has stable performance and good safety.