piston pump

piston pumpIt is an important device in hydraulic systems. It relies on the reciprocating motion of the plunger in the cylinder body to change the volume of the sealed working chamber to achieve oil suction and pressure. Piston pumps have the advantages of high rated pressure, compact structure, high efficiency, and convenient flow regulation.

Piston pumps are widely used in high-pressure, high flow, and flow regulation applications, such as hydraulic presses, engineering machinery, and ships.

Piston pumps are generally divided into single piston pumps, horizontal piston pumps, axial piston pumps, and radial piston pumps.

single plunger pump

The structural components mainly include eccentric wheel, plunger, spring, cylinder body, and two one-way valves. A sealed volume is formed between the plunger and the cylinder bore. The eccentric wheel rotates once, and the plunger moves back and forth once, sucking oil downwards and draining oil upwards. The volume of oil discharged by each rotation of the pump is called the displacement, which is only related to the structural parameters of the pump.

Horizontal plunger pump

A horizontal plunger pump is composed of several plungers (usually 3 or 6) installed in parallel, and driven back and forth by a crankshaft through a connecting rod slider or an eccentric shaft to achieve liquid suction and dischargehydraulic pumpThey also use valve type distribution devices, and most of them are quantitative pumps. The emulsion pump in the coal mine hydraulic support system is generally a horizontal plunger pump. The emulsion pump is used in coal mining faces to provide emulsion for hydraulic supports. Its working principle relies on the rotation of the crankshaft to drive the piston to perform reciprocating motion, achieving suction and discharge.

Axial type

Axial piston pump (English name: Piston pump) is a piston pump in which the reciprocating motion direction of the piston or plunger is parallel to the central axis of the cylinder body. The axial piston pump operates by utilizing the volume change generated by the reciprocating motion of the plunger parallel to the transmission shaft in the plunger hole. Due to the fact that the plunger and plunger hole are both circular parts, high precision fitting can be achieved, resulting in high volumetric efficiency.

Straight axis inclined disc

There are two types of straight axis inclined disc piston pumps: pressure oil supply type and self suction type. Pressure oil supply hydraulic pumps mostly use hydraulic oil tanks with air pressure. Hydraulic oil tanks that rely on air pressure for oil supply must wait for the hydraulic oil tank to reach the required air pressure before operating the machine after each start-up. If the machine is started when the pressure in the hydraulic oil tank is insufficient, it will cause the sliding shoes inside the hydraulic pump to pull off, resulting in abnormal wear of the return plate and pressure plate inside the pump body.

Radial type

Radial piston pumps can be divided into two categories: valve distribution and shaft distribution. The radial piston pump with valve distribution has a high failure rate and efficiency

piston pump

Low level shortcomings. The axial flow radial piston pump developed internationally in the 1970s and 1980s overcame the shortcomings of valve flow radial piston pumps. Due to the structural characteristics of radial pumps, fixed axial flow radial piston pumps are more impact resistant, have a longer lifespan, and have higher control accuracy than axial piston pumps. The variable stroke of the variable displacement short pump is achieved by changing the eccentricity of the stator under the action of the variable plunger and limit plunger, and the maximum eccentricity set is 5-9mm (depending on the displacement size), resulting in a short variable stroke. And the variable mechanism is designed for high-pressure operation, controlled by a control valve. Therefore, the response speed of the pump is fast. The radial structure design overcomes the problem of eccentric wear of sliding shoes in axial piston pumps. Significantly improve its impact resistance.

Hydraulic

The hydraulic plunger pump relies on air pressure to supply oil to the hydraulic oil tank. After starting the machine each time, it is necessary to wait for the hydraulic oil tank to reach the required air pressure before operating the machinery. There are two types of direct axis inclined disc piston pumps: pressure oil supply type and self suction type. Pressure oil supply hydraulic pumps mostly use oil tanks with air pressure, and some hydraulic pumps themselves have oil replenishment pumps to provide pressure oil to the hydraulic pump inlet. The self-priming hydraulic pump has strong self-priming ability and does not require external oil supply.

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