Wuhan high and low temperature impact test chamberIt is a type used for simulationThe thermal stress impact experienced by products during rapid transition between high and low temperature environmentsThe experimental equipment. It is widely used inElectronic components, automotive parts, aerospace, new energy LED、 Battery, plastic, metal, connectorWaiting for the productReliability testing, environmental adaptability assessment, and quality control.

This device has passed throughQuickly switch between high and low temperature zones (or through airflow or liquid medium impact)To evaluate the material, structure, solder joints, coating, packaging, etc. of the sample by subjecting it to drastic temperature changes in a short period of timeUnder mechanisms such as thermal expansion and contraction, stress concentration, and fatigue failureThe reliability performance.

1、 The influence of temperature range on test results

The high and low temperature impact test chambertemperature rangeIt refers to the capabilities that the device can achieveLow temperature (such as -40 ° C, -55 ° C, -65 ° C) and maximum temperature (such as+85 ° C,+125 ° C,+150 ° C or higher)This range directly determines the scope of the experimentSeverity and authenticity of environmental simulation.

　　1. The wider the temperature range, the stricter the simulated environment

　　Low temperature end (such as -55 ° C or -65 ° C)Simulate extremely cold environments (such as high altitude, polar regions, space, winter outdoor) to investigate the brittleness, shrinkage, cracking, and electrical performance degradation of materials at low temperatures;

　　High temperature end (such as+125 ° C,+150 ° C)Simulate high-temperature environments (such as deserts, engine compartments, and internal equipment heating), investigate material expansion, softening, oxidation, failure, electrical characteristic drift, etc;

　　Wide temperature range (e.g. -65 ° C~+150 ° C): Used for simulatingHigh demand scenarios such as climate, aerospace, and military industriesHigh requirements are placed on the comprehensive reliability of the product.

✅ If the temperature range of the test is not sufficient to cover the actual usage environment of the product (such as only achieving -20 ° C~+80 ° C), it mayUnderestimating the risk of product failure in actual environments.

　　2. The Extreme Challenge of Material Properties Determined by Temperature Range

Different materials (such as plastic, metal, solder, glue, coating)Exhibiting vastly different physical and chemical properties at different temperatures：

Low temperature: brittleness, shrinkage, loss of toughness, cracking;

High temperature: softening, oxidation, expansion, loss of strength, electrical performance drift;

Rapid temperature changes: thermal stress concentration, material interface delamination, fatigue damage;

If the temperature range of the test chamber is not sufficient,Unable to trigger potential material failure modesThe reliability and predictability of the test results will decrease.

　　3. Standards and industry requirements for temperature range

Different industries or product standards have clear regulations on temperature ranges, such as:

Industry/Standards	Typical temperature range	Instructions
Electronic components (such as JEDEC, MIL-STD)​	-55 ° C~+125 ° C or higher	Used for chips PCB、 Connectors, etc
Automotive electronics (such as ISO 16750, AEC-Q)​	-40 ° C~+125 ° C or -55 ° C~+150 ° C	Simulate engine compartment, cold start, etc
Military/Aerospace (such as MIL-STD-810, GJB)​	-65°C ~ +150°C	Simulate impacts from space, polar regions, and high and low temperature cycles
Battery (such as UN38.3, GB 31241)​	-40 ° C~+85 ° C or higher	Evaluate the safety and performance of batteries under temperature switching

✅ If the temperature range of the test does not meet the relevant standards, the test results mayNot recognized or unable to prove that the product meets the application requirements.

2、 The impact of testing cycle (number of cycles and dwell time) on test results

High and low temperature impact tests not only focus onHow wide is the temperature rangeMore importantlyFrequency of temperature changes (number of cycles) and residence time at each temperature (residence time)These factors together constitutetest cycleIt is the key to determining the durability and failure mechanism exposure of the product.

　　1. Definition of Testing Cycle

The testing cycle typically includes the following parameters:

　　High temperature impact temperature (e.g.+125 ° C)

　　Low temperature impact temperature (such as -40 ° C or -55 ° C)

　　Dwell Time for each temperature (e.g. 10min, 30min, 60min)

　　Transition Time (e.g. 5 seconds to 120 seconds, from high temperature to low temperature or vice versa)

　　Cycle times (such as 10, 50, 100, 500 or more)

🔄One complete impact cycle=high temperature residence → fast switching → low temperature residence → fast switching (returning to high temperature)

　　2. The impact of dwell time

It refers to the sample beingThe time maintained at the extreme temperature of high or low temperature, used to make materialsFully achieve thermal equilibrium and fully develop stress；

　　Short residence time (e.g. 5-10 minutes)Suitable for rapid screening or preliminary testing, but may not fully expose slow failures (such as material fatigue, welding fatigue);

　　Long dwell time (such as 30-60 minutes)Closer to the thermal stability state in actual use, which is beneficial for discoveringSlow failure modes such as material creep, thermal fatigue, delamination, and interfacial delamination；

If the residence time is insufficient, the sample mayInsufficient thermal expansion, contraction or stress releaseResulting in test results that are biased towards optimism or untrue.

　　3. The impact of transition time

Refers to the time required to quickly switch from one temperature range (such as high temperature) to another range (such as low temperature);

　　The core feature of high and low temperature impact testing is "fast switching" (usually completed within 5-60 seconds)To generateIntense thermal stress；

The shorter the conversion time, the more intense the thermal shock, which poses greater challenges to the material's thermal fatigue, welding points, and packaging structure;

If the switching time is too long (such as a few minutes), it is closer to "temperature change test" or "constant temperature and humidity", rather than the true meaning of "impact".

　　4. The impact of cycle number

refers toThe total number of alternating impacts of high and low temperaturesSuch as 10 times, 50 times, 100 times, 500 times, or even thousands of times;

　　The more cycles a product undergoes, the more accumulated thermal stress it is subjected to, making it more susceptible to fatigue, aging, and failure issues；

For example:

　　10-30 timesSuitable for initial screening or design validation;

　　50-100 timesCommonly used for routine reliability verification;

　　More than 500 timesUsed for long-term reliability and lifespan assessment in harsh environments (such as military, aerospace, automotive electronics);

Insufficient number of cycles, possiblyUnable to identify potential long-term failure issuesSuch as solder joint fatigue, material degradation, structural microcrack propagation, etc.

3、 The comprehensive effect of temperature range and testing cycle

Influence dimension	Temperature range influence	Test cycle impact
Failure mode exposure​	Determine which temperatures can trigger material failure (embrittlement, expansion, oxidation, etc.)	Determine whether the cumulative effect of thermal stress cycling and slow failure (fatigue, aging, delamination) occur
Severity level​	The wider the scope, the better the environment	The more cycles and longer dwell times, the more rigorous the product testing becomes
Test authenticity​	The scope should cover the actual usage environment (such as automobiles, aerospace, outdoor)	The cycle setting needs to simulate the frequency and duration of temperature changes in actual use
Standard compliance​	Must comply with the temperature limit requirements of relevant standards	Loop and resident parameters are often clearly defined by standards
Testing efficiency and cost​	Excessive scope may increase equipment costs	Long cycles will increase testing time and sample loss

4、 Summary: The Core Influence of Temperature Range and Testing Cycle on Test Results

project	Instructions
temperature range​	Determine the environmental limits that the experiment can simulate, affecting the physical/chemical behavior and failure modes of materials at high and low temperatures; The wider the scope, the more rigorous the testing, and the closer it is to real working conditions
dwell time​	Affects the thermal equilibrium and stress development of materials at extreme temperatures. The longer the time, the more susceptible they are to slow failure (such as thermal fatigue and delamination)
Convert time​	Determine the severity of thermal shock, the shorter the time, the greater the thermal stress, and the greater the challenge to solder joints, packaging, and material interfaces
number of cycles​	Determine the cumulative number of times a product can withstand thermal stress impact. The more times it is subjected, the more likely it is to be exposed to fatigue, aging, reliability degradation, and other issues
comprehensive impact​	The temperature range and testing cycle jointly determine the severity of the experiment, the depth of reliability verification, and the actual adaptability of the product

✅ Summary in one sentence:

　　The temperature range of the Wuhan high and low temperature impact test chamber determines the environmental limits that can be simulated during the test, while the testing cycle (including residence time, conversion time, and number of cycles) determines the frequency and cumulative effect of thermal stress impact on the product. Both factors jointly affect the severity, reliability, and true simulation of the actual use environment of the test results, and are key factors in evaluating the durability and environmental adaptability of the product.