There are three uncertain sources of ultrasonic measurement:

1. In terms of mechanics, it is related to the geometric dimensions of the pipe section;

2. In terms of physics, it is related to the velocity distribution of the fluid;

3. In terms of electronics, it is related to the measurement of propagation time.

The main reasons affecting ultrasonic signals are:

1. Severe electronic noise;

2. Ultrasonic acoustic noise;

3. Severe signal attenuation;

4. Multi directional flow occurring within the measurement section;

5. The transducer is contaminated;

6. Severe measurement gradients occur within the measurement section;

7. Severe turbulence.

on the whole:

Compared to traditional orifice and turbine flowmeters, ultrasonic flowmeters have significant advantages in terms of structure, measurement accuracy, pressure loss, and range ratio. The main problem with the application of ultrasonic flow meters is that there are many factors that are detrimental to improving the signal-to-noise ratio during gas transportation, especially due to the noise impact caused by pressure regulating devices, rapid attenuation of ultrasonic waves in gas, and installation effects.

Ultrasonic flow meters have a wide range of applications, but due to their cost-effectiveness and environmental impact, they are more suitable for large-diameter, high-pressure, and long-distance main road pipelines.