09,18,2026 10 views
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As the core hub of hydraulic engineering, the stability of the dam body is directly related to the safety of the lives and property of millions of downstream people. The dam displacement monitoring device, as a key equipment for capturing dam deformation, is like installing a "sensing nerve" on the dam to safeguard engineering safety with millimeter level accuracy. Under complex working conditions such as water level fluctuations, temperature changes, and geological activities, the dam body will inevitably experience slight displacement. When this displacement exceeds the safety threshold, it may cause serious accidents such as leakage, cracks, and even dam collapse. Therefore, the accurate operation of the monitoring instrument is crucial.
The core value of dam displacement monitoring instruments lies in their multidimensional monitoring capabilities. By dividing the monitoring direction, synchronous capture of horizontal displacement, vertical settlement, and inclined deformation can be achieved. Horizontal displacement reflects the lateral tension of the dam body under water pressure, while vertical settlement is related to the bearing stability of the dam foundation. The equipment usually adopts a modular design, including three core units: data acquisition, signal processing, and wireless transmission. It is deployed on key monitoring sections such as the dam crest, dam shoulder, and dam foundation, and real-time displacement data is captured by sensors. After filtering and processing, it is transmitted to the monitoring center.
In terms of technical implementation, modern dam displacement monitoring instruments integrate multiple measurement technology advantages. For surface displacement monitoring, GNSS positioning modules are often integrated to achieve high-precision positioning by receiving satellite signals such as Beidou and GPS, combined with differential technology of reference stations; For internal displacement of the dam body, a inclinometer is installed to measure deep deformation by sliding sensors inside the inclinometer tube. These devices have environmental adaptability, with a 304 stainless steel shell that is corrosion-resistant. The dual power supply system ensures continuous operation for more than 72 hours during power outages during flood season, ensuring uninterrupted monitoring under conditions.
In practical applications, the data results of the monitoring instrument directly support dam safety decisions. During the flood season, a medium-sized reservoir discovered a daily variation of 2.1mm in the horizontal displacement of the dam body through monitoring instruments. Although it did not exceed the warning threshold, the system predicted the trend of accelerated deformation based on water level data, and the management personnel adjusted the flood discharge plan in a timely manner, successfully avoiding the expansion of the danger. In the long run, the historical data accumulated by the monitoring instrument can draw displacement trend curves, providing scientific basis for dam maintenance, reinforcement, and life assessment, shifting dam safety management from "passive response" to "active prevention and control", and becoming a solid guarantee for the stable operation of water conservancy projects.
