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Seawater desalination equipment, seawater desalination device, seawater desalination system

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Seawater desalination equipment

Desalination of seawater refers to the production of fresh water by desalinating seawater. It is an open-source incremental technology for water resource utilization, which can increase the total amount of fresh water without being affected by time, space, and climate. The water quality is good and the price is gradually becoming reasonable, which can ensure stable water supply for coastal residents' drinking water and industrial boiler replenishment.water treatment equipment

In 1953, a new method of seawater desalination was introduced, which is reverse osmosis. This method uses a semi permeable membrane to achieve the separation of fresh water and salt. Under normal circumstances, semi permeable membranes allow solvents in a solution to pass through, but do not allow solutes to pass through. Due to the high salt content of seawater, if a semi permeable membrane is used to separate seawater from fresh water, the fresh water will diffuse to one side of the seawater through the semi permeable membrane, causing the liquid level on the other side of the seawater to rise until a certain height is generated, causing the fresh water to no longer diffuse. This process is infiltration. If we go the opposite way, to obtain fresh water, we only need to apply pressure to the seawater in the semi permeable membrane, which will cause the fresh water in the seawater to permeate outside the semi permeable membrane, while the salt is blocked by the membrane in the seawater. This is the reverse osmosis method. The advantage of reverse osmosis method is energy saving. To produce fresh water of the same quality, its energy consumption is only 1/40 of that of distillation method.

In fact, a large-scale seawater desalination project is often a very complex system engineering. In terms of the main process, it includes seawater pretreatment, desalination, and post-treatment of desalinated water. Pre treatment refers to the necessary treatment of seawater before it enters the desalination device, such as killing marine organisms, reducing turbidity, removing suspended solids (for reverse osmosis), or degassing (for distillation), adding necessary chemicals, etc; Desalination is the process of removing salt from seawater through one of the methods listed above, which is the core part of the entire desalination system. In addition to requiring efficient desalination, this process often requires solving equipment corrosion and scaling problems, and some processes also require corresponding energy recovery measures; Post processing refers to the water quality control, storage, and transportation of product water from different desalination methods according to different user requirements.

Principle of seawater desalination equipment
Reverse osmosis is a pressure driven separation technology that has significant energy-saving features due to the absence of phase change during the desalination process. The use of energy recovery devices enables the power consumption of reverse osmosis seawater desalination to be less than 4KWh/m3, making it particularly suitable for desalination processes aimed at drinking water in islands, coastal cities, and regions.

2、 The main technical content of seawater desalination equipment
After seawater is taken out from the water intake head, corresponding pretreatment processes are carried out according to different seawater quality, with the aim of achieving SDI<before entering the reverse osmosis membrane; Level 3 control indicators are used to ensure the service life of the reverse osmosis membrane. The qualified seawater that has been pre treated is pressurized by a high-pressure pump and sent to the reverse osmosis membrane stack. The water that has passed through the reverse osmosis membrane is collected and then sent to the pipeline system for user use after appropriate pre-treatment. The high-pressure concentrated salt water that has not passed through the reverse osmosis membrane enters the energy recovery device to recover its energy, and the concentrated salt water that has passed through the energy recovery device is discharged back into the sea.

Due to the fact that reverse osmosis membranes are already very mature products abroad, the key technology of reverse osmosis seawater desalination systems lies in the rational design of pre-treatment systems, the selection of suitable high-pressure pumps and energy recovery devices, the design of a comprehensive control system for monitoring and control, and the use of scientific materials and anti-corrosion measures to prevent corrosion of pipelines and systems. In addition, for open water intake, in addition to ensuring the pollution index of the system, scientific sterilization and algae killing measures must also be taken to prevent microbial damage to the system.

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